English: Combinations of different spacers, lipids and other modifications can be used to optimise the functionality of the function group on the FSL construct.

In all diagrams, the same functional group is represented by the sunflower head. The first four examples show monomeric presentation of F, with the first example representing the short 1.9nm (Ad) spacer (the flower stalk). The second and fourth with the longer stalks (spacers) representing the CMG2 7.2nm spacer and CMG4 11.5nm spacers respectively. The second and third constructs have the same spacers, but the lipid tail of the third construct is cholesterol, rather than DOPE.

The last three examples all based on CMG2 spacers (stalks), with a DOPE lipid tail (roots) are multimeric presentations of F. The first of these is a simple duplication of the F group, while the following has an additional spacer between the F groups. The final construct is a cluster presentation.