آيزو/آي إي سي 646
آيزو/آي إي سي 646 (بالإنجليزية: ISO/IEC 646) هي مجموعة من المعايير الصادرة من المنظمة الدولية للمعايير واللجنة الكهروتقنية الدولية، والتي تصف تقنية المعلومات - مجموعة أحرف مشفرة من 7 بت لتبادل المعلومات وتم تطويرها بالتعاون مع أسكي منذ عام 1964.[1][2] ومنذ الإصدار الأولى لها في عام 1967،[3] حددت مجموعة من أحرف الكود من 7 بت والتي تم استخدامها في العديد من المعايير الوطنية.
مخطط الأحرف
[عدل]| آيزو/آي إي سي 646 | ||||||||||||||||
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | |
| 0x | title=" 0
U+0000: Control (alias NULL) (alias NUL) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| NUL |
title=" 1
U+0001: Control (alias START OF HEADING) (alias SOH) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| SOH |
title=" 2
U+0002: Control (alias START OF TEXT) (alias STX) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| STX |
title=" 3
U+0003: Control (alias END OF TEXT) (alias ETX) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| ETX |
title=" 4
U+0004: Control (alias END OF TRANSMISSION) (alias EOT) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| EOT |
title=" 5
U+0005: Control (alias ENQUIRY) (alias ENQ) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| ENQ |
title=" 6
U+0006: Control (alias ACKNOWLEDGE) (alias ACK) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| ACK |
title=" 7
U+0007: Control (alias ALERT) (alias BEL) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| BEL |
title=" 8
U+0008: Control (alias BACKSPACE) (alias BS) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| BS |
title=" 9
U+0009: Control (alias CHARACTER TABULATION) (alias HORIZONTAL TABULATION) (alias HT) (alias TAB) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| HT |
title=" 10
U+000A: Control (alias LINE FEED) (alias NEW LINE) (alias END OF LINE) (alias LF) (alias NL) (alias EOL) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| LF |
title=" 11
U+000B: Control (alias LINE TABULATION) (alias VERTICAL TABULATION) (alias VT) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| VT |
title=" 12
U+000C: Control (alias FORM FEED) (alias FF) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| FF |
title=" 13
U+000D: Control (alias CARRIAGE RETURN) (alias CR) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| CR |
title=" 14
U+000E: Control (alias SHIFT OUT) (alias LOCKING-SHIFT ONE) (alias SO) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| SO |
title=" 15
U+000F: Control (alias SHIFT IN) (alias LOCKING-SHIFT ZERO) (alias SI) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| SI |
| 1x | title=" 16
U+0010: Control (alias DATA LINK ESCAPE) (alias DLE) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| DLE |
title=" 17
U+0011: Control (alias DEVICE CONTROL ONE) (alias DC1) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| DC1 |
title=" 18
U+0012: Control (alias DEVICE CONTROL TWO) (alias DC2) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| DC2 |
title=" 19
U+0013: Control (alias DEVICE CONTROL THREE) (alias DC3) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| DC3 |
title=" 20
U+0014: Control (alias DEVICE CONTROL FOUR) (alias DC4) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| DC4 |
title=" 21
U+0015: Control (alias NEGATIVE ACKNOWLEDGE) (alias NAK) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| NAK |
title=" 22
U+0016: Control (alias SYNCHRONOUS IDLE) (alias SYN) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| SYN |
title=" 23
U+0017: Control (alias END OF TRANSMISSION BLOCK) (alias ETB) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| ETB |
title=" 24
U+0018: Control (alias CANCEL) (alias CAN) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| إلغاء الحرف |
title=" 25
U+0019: Control (alias END OF MEDIUM) (alias EOM) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| EM |
title=" 26
U+001A: Control (alias SUBSTITUTE) (alias SUB) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| SUB |
title=" 27
U+001B: Control (alias ESCAPE) (alias ESC) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| ESC |
title=" 28
U+001C: Control (alias INFORMATION SEPARATOR FOUR) (alias FILE SEPARATOR) (alias FS) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| FS |
title=" 29
U+001D: Control (alias INFORMATION SEPARATOR THREE) (alias GROUP SEPARATOR) (alias GS) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| GS |
title=" 30
U+001E: Control (alias INFORMATION SEPARATOR TWO) (alias RECORD SEPARATOR) (alias RS) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| RS |
title=" 31
U+001F: Control (alias INFORMATION SEPARATOR ONE) (alias UNIT SEPARATOR) (alias US) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| US |
| 2x | title=" 32
U+0020: SPACE (alias SP) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| SP |
title=" 33
U+0021: EXCLAMATION MARK " style="padding:1px;"| ! |
title=" 34
U+0022: QUOTATION MARK " style="padding:1px;"| " |
title=" 35
U+0023: NUMBER SIGN " style="padding:1px;"| # |
title=" 36
U+0024: DOLLAR SIGN " style="padding:1px;"| $ |
title=" 37
U+0025: PERCENT SIGN " style="padding:1px;"| % |
title=" 38
U+0026: AMPERSAND " style="padding:1px;"| & |
title=" 39
U+0027: APOSTROPHE " style="padding:1px;"| ' |
title=" 40
U+0028: LEFT PARENTHESIS " style="padding:1px;"| ( |
title=" 41
U+0029: RIGHT PARENTHESIS " style="padding:1px;"| ) |
title=" 42
U+002A: ASTERISK " style="padding:1px;"| * |
title=" 43
U+002B: PLUS SIGN " style="padding:1px;"| + |
title=" 44
U+002C: COMMA " style="padding:1px;"| , |
title=" 45
U+002D: HYPHEN-MINUS " style="padding:1px;"| - |
title=" 46
U+002E: FULL STOP " style="padding:1px;"| . |
title=" 47
U+002F: SOLIDUS " style="padding:1px;"| / |
| 3x | title=" 48
U+0030: DIGIT ZERO " style="padding:1px;"| 0 |
title=" 49
U+0031: DIGIT ONE " style="padding:1px;"| 1 |
title=" 50
U+0032: DIGIT TWO " style="padding:1px;"| 2 |
title=" 51
U+0033: DIGIT THREE " style="padding:1px;"| 3 |
title=" 52
U+0034: DIGIT FOUR " style="padding:1px;"| 4 |
title=" 53
U+0035: DIGIT FIVE " style="padding:1px;"| 5 |
title=" 54
U+0036: DIGIT SIX " style="padding:1px;"| 6 |
title=" 55
U+0037: DIGIT SEVEN " style="padding:1px;"| 7 |
title=" 56
U+0038: DIGIT EIGHT " style="padding:1px;"| 8 |
title=" 57
U+0039: DIGIT NINE " style="padding:1px;"| 9 |
title=" 58
U+003A: COLON " style="padding:1px;"| : |
title=" 59
U+003B: SEMICOLON " style="padding:1px;"| ; |
title=" 60
U+003C: LESS-THAN SIGN " style="padding:1px;"| < |
title=" 61
U+003D: EQUALS SIGN " style="padding:1px;"| = |
title=" 62
U+003E: GREATER-THAN SIGN " style="padding:1px;"| > |
title=" 63
U+003F: QUESTION MARK " style="padding:1px;"| ? |
| 4x | title=" 64
U+0040: COMMERCIAL AT " style="padding:1px;"| @ |
title=" 65
U+0041: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A " style="padding:1px;"| A |
title=" 66
U+0042: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER B " style="padding:1px;"| B |
title=" 67
U+0043: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C " style="padding:1px;"| C |
title=" 68
U+0044: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D " style="padding:1px;"| D |
title=" 69
U+0045: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E " style="padding:1px;"| E |
title=" 70
U+0046: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER F " style="padding:1px;"| F |
title=" 71
U+0047: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER G " style="padding:1px;"| G |
title=" 72
U+0048: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER H " style="padding:1px;"| H |
title=" 73
U+0049: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I " style="padding:1px;"| I |
title=" 74
U+004A: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER J " style="padding:1px;"| J |
title=" 75
U+004B: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER K " style="padding:1px;"| K |
title=" 76
U+004C: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L " style="padding:1px;"| L |
title=" 77
U+004D: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER M " style="padding:1px;"| M |
title=" 78
U+004E: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N " style="padding:1px;"| N |
title=" 79
U+004F: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O " style="padding:1px;"| O |
| 5x | title=" 80
U+0050: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER P " style="padding:1px;"| P |
title=" 81
U+0051: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Q " style="padding:1px;"| Q |
title=" 82
U+0052: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER R " style="padding:1px;"| R |
title=" 83
U+0053: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER S " style="padding:1px;"| S |
title=" 84
U+0054: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T " style="padding:1px;"| T |
title=" 85
U+0055: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U " style="padding:1px;"| U |
title=" 86
U+0056: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER V " style="padding:1px;"| V |
title=" 87
U+0057: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER W " style="padding:1px;"| W |
title=" 88
U+0058: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER X " style="padding:1px;"| X |
title=" 89
U+0059: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y " style="padding:1px;"| Y |
title=" 90
U+005A: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z " style="padding:1px;"| Z |
title=" 91
U+005B: LEFT SQUARE BRACKET " style="padding:1px;"| [ |
title=" 92
U+005C: REVERSE SOLIDUS " style="padding:1px;"| \ |
title=" 93
U+005D: RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET " style="padding:1px;"| ] |
title=" 94
U+005E: CIRCUMFLEX ACCENT " style="padding:1px;"| ^ |
title=" 95
U+005F: LOW LINE " style="padding:1px;"| _ |
| 6x | title=" 96
U+0060: GRAVE ACCENT " style="padding:1px;"| ` |
title=" 97
U+0061: LATIN SMALL LETTER A " style="padding:1px;"| A |
title=" 98
U+0062: LATIN SMALL LETTER B " style="padding:1px;"| B |
title=" 99
U+0063: LATIN SMALL LETTER C " style="padding:1px;"| C |
title=" 100
U+0064: LATIN SMALL LETTER D " style="padding:1px;"| D |
title=" 101
U+0065: LATIN SMALL LETTER E " style="padding:1px;"| E |
title=" 102
U+0066: LATIN SMALL LETTER F " style="padding:1px;"| F |
title=" 103
U+0067: LATIN SMALL LETTER G " style="padding:1px;"| G |
title=" 104
U+0068: LATIN SMALL LETTER H " style="padding:1px;"| H |
title=" 105
U+0069: LATIN SMALL LETTER I " style="padding:1px;"| I |
title=" 106
U+006A: LATIN SMALL LETTER J " style="padding:1px;"| J |
title=" 107
U+006B: LATIN SMALL LETTER K " style="padding:1px;"| K |
title=" 108
U+006C: LATIN SMALL LETTER L " style="padding:1px;"| L |
title=" 109
U+006D: LATIN SMALL LETTER M " style="padding:1px;"| M |
title=" 110
U+006E: LATIN SMALL LETTER N " style="padding:1px;"| N |
title=" 111
U+006F: LATIN SMALL LETTER O " style="padding:1px;"| O |
| 7x | title=" 112
U+0070: LATIN SMALL LETTER P " style="padding:1px;"| P |
title=" 113
U+0071: LATIN SMALL LETTER Q " style="padding:1px;"| Q |
title=" 114
U+0072: LATIN SMALL LETTER R " style="padding:1px;"| R |
title=" 115
U+0073: LATIN SMALL LETTER S " style="padding:1px;"| S |
title=" 116
U+0074: LATIN SMALL LETTER T " style="padding:1px;"| T |
title=" 117
U+0075: LATIN SMALL LETTER U " style="padding:1px;"| U |
title=" 118
U+0076: LATIN SMALL LETTER V " style="padding:1px;"| V |
title=" 119
U+0077: LATIN SMALL LETTER W " style="padding:1px;"| W |
title=" 120
U+0078: LATIN SMALL LETTER X " style="padding:1px;"| X |
title=" 121
U+0079: LATIN SMALL LETTER Y " style="padding:1px;"| Y |
title=" 122
U+007A: LATIN SMALL LETTER Z " style="padding:1px;"| Z |
title=" 123
U+007B: LEFT CURLY BRACKET " style="padding:1px;"| { |
title=" 124
U+007C: VERTICAL LINE " style="padding:1px;"| | |
title=" 125
U+007D: RIGHT CURLY BRACKET " style="padding:1px;"| } |
title=" 126
U+007E: TILDE " style="padding:1px;"| ~ |
title=" 127
U+007F: Control (alias DELETE) (alias DEL) " style="font-size:75%;padding:1px;"| DEL |
المراجع
[عدل]- ^ "On the Early Development of ASCII". JF Ptak Science Books. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2023-03-23. اطلع عليه بتاريخ 2023-03-22.
- ^ Chow، Y. W.؛ Pietranico، R.؛ Mukerji، A. (27 أكتوبر 1975). "Studies of oxygen binding energy to hemoglobin molecule". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. ج. 66 ع. 4: 1424–1431. DOI:10.1016/0006-291x(75)90518-5. ISSN:0006-291X. PMID:6. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2022-10-18.
- ^ Mackenzie، Charles E. (1980). Coded character sets : history and development. Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley Pub. Co. ISBN:0-201-14460-3. OCLC:4642215. مؤرشف من الأصل في 2023-03-28.
